ABSTRACT
Os ensaios patogenéticos homeopáticos buscam descobrir sintomas específicos e característicos que se manifestam em indivíduos aparentemente sadios, expostos a medicamentos homeopáticos, para que possam ser utilizados na comparação com os sintomas dos pacientes. Ao definir as diretrizes metodológicas para sua realização, Hahnemann deixou claro que deveriam ser o produto de estudos rigorosos para evitar qualquer conjectura em seus resultados. Com o avanço nos métodos científicos, também têm sido propostas novas diretrizes para sua realização, que são incorporadas aos estudos atuais. Autores brasileiros têm oferecido valiosas contribuições científicas para o desenvolvimento dos ensaios patogenéticos homeopáticos, com realização de estudos originais ou inovações na área metodológica. A validade e a confiabilidade das informações produzidas a partir de ensaios patogenéticos homeopáticos são fundamentais para o êxito da prática clínica em homeopatia.
Homeopathic pathogenetic trials (HPTs) are designed to identify specificand characteristic symptoms in apparently health individuals, afterhaving been exposed to homeopathic medicines, so that the lattermight be indicated following comparison to the patients symptoms.The original methodological guidelines for HPTs were defined byHahnemann, who advocated rigorous methods likely to lead to conclusionsfree from any conjecture. With the advances in scientific methods,new guidelines were also proposed to improve the methodologicalquality of HPTs. Relevant scientific contributions were made byBrazilian researchers to develop this field, resulting in the publicationof original studies or innovations on its methods. The validity and reliabilityof the clinical information acquired from HPTs are fundamentalfor the success of homeopathic clinical practice.
Subject(s)
Humans , Homeopathy , Materia Medica , Pathogenesis, Homeopathic , Pathogenetic Symptoms , Experiment of SubstancesABSTRACT
Objective: To investigate the impact of compatibility ratios of rhubarb-gardenia herbal pair and extraction techniques on anthraquinone dissolution, and to explain the bases of different compatibility of rhubarb-gardenia in the prescriptions of Chinese materiamedica from chemical composition. Methods: Anthraquinones were extracted from rhubarb-gardenia herbal pair of different compatibility ratios by water decoction method and ultrasonic extraction with alcohol. Free and total anthraquinones were analyzed by HPLC and the contents of binding anthraquinones were equal to the total minus the free anthraquinones. Results: The contents of various types of anthraquinones extracted by water decoction method increased and binding anthraquinone content increased significantly after rhubarb was compatible with gardenia. This suggested that gardenia was benefit for binding anthraquinone dissolution. Decocting order (Rhubarb cooked first, last, and at the same time) also affected the content of anthraquinones in water decoction method. Separate ultrasonic extraction was benefit for total and free anthraquinone dissolution. Separate ultrasonic extraction was benefit for total and free anthraquinones dissolution. Simultaneous ultrasonic extraction was benefit for binding anthraquinone dissolution. The extraction effect of ultrasonic method was significantly higher than that of water decoction method. Conclusion: Rhubarb-gardenia herbal pair in different compatibility proportion plays different role in different prescriptions because of the different composition and content of anthraquinones,which proves the rationality of the classic formula.
ABSTRACT
As an important reference index to evaluate the quality of Chinese medicinal materials, the commodity specification and grade of traditional Chinese medicine has an effect on the medicinal material's price, can promote "high quality and high price" of the traditional Chinese medicine, prompt market transactions more convenient and standard, and has a great significance to the development of the whole traditional Chinese medicine industry. The formation of traditional Chinese medicine specifications and grades experienced a long historical development process. In order to provide the reference for modification of the product specifications and grades standards and management of traditional Chinese medicine products, the author consulted a large number of materia medica books and related references, sorted and analyzed the historical development process. The author divided the formation and development process into four stages, including germination stage before the Southern and Northern Dynasties, development stage of Tang and Song Dynasty, mature period of the Ming and Qing Dynasties and the inheritance development stage since the foundation of the People's Republic. The author believes that the clinical curative effect is the driving force to promote the development of commodity specifications and grades. In addition, the national pharmaceutical policy, international status, the level of science and technology also influence the development of commodity specifications and grades in some extents. Finally, the author provides three piece of suggestions for the modification of the product specifications and grades standards, according to the historical development rule.